What is a Fracture?

A fracture refers to the breaking or cracking of a bone, usually due to injury or excessive pressure. It is often a medical emergency that requires quick and appropriate action. Delay in treatment can lead to permanent damage or complications. Recognizing the signs early is crucial for proper care.

Types of Fractures

• Closed Fracture: The skin remains intact, but the bone breaks underneath. Blood vessels in the surrounding tissues may also be damaged.

• Open Fracture: In this type, the broken bone pierces through the skin, causing an open wound. There’s a higher risk of infection.

• Complicated Fracture: Apart from the broken bone, nearby muscles, nerves, and blood vessels may also be damaged, making the situation more serious.

Symptoms of a Fracture

• Inability to perform normal activities.

• Deformity at the site of the fracture.

• Swelling, bleeding, and intense pain around the injury.

• In facial fractures, distortion of features (e.g., nose or cheekbone).

• If the bone is protruding through the skin or a visible wound is present, it is a medical emergency.

Immediate First Aid Steps

1. Reassure and calm the victim.

2. Do not move the injured area unnecessarily. Keep the fractured limb stable and immobilized to prevent further injury.

3. Use a splint or firm object (like a wooden stick) to support the area.

4. Apply pressure to stop any bleeding.

5. Elevate the limb to reduce swelling if there's no suspicion of spinal injury.

6. Avoid unnecessary movement and transport the person carefully to seek professional medical help.

7. Consult a doctor immediately and avoid applying heat or massaging the fractured area.

Conclusion

Fractures can become serious if not addressed on time. Proper knowledge and timely first aid can prevent complications and ensure faster recovery. Stay calm, act wisely, and always prioritize getting professional medical attention.